I used AppleScript to script the UI in Acrobat X in order to OCR a file.
tell application "Adobe Acrobat Pro"
activate
set theFile to "Macintosh HD:Users:Jim:Documents:img0005.pdf"
open theFile as alias
delay 2
activate
tell application "System Events"
tell application process "Acrobat"
-- run action to OCR
click menu item "OCR_file" of menu 1 of menu item "Action Wizard" of menu 1 of menu bar item "File" of menu bar 1
delay
-- perform the OCR
click button "Next" of window 1
set OCRdone to false
repeat while OCRdone is false
try
set OCRdone to true
click button "Close" of window 1 -- will create error unless OCR is done
on error
set OCRdone to false
end try
end repeat
end tell
keystroke "w" using command down
end tell
quit
end tell