You’ve only posted this less than two days ago, and it obviously takes a while to do testing on a trigger like this. It seems at least a little premature to give up given there are still things to at least consider trying and that we have made for progress today in that we know it isn’t likely to be an OS bug.
A few further suggestions in order of increasing disruptiveness:
- Disable location services for Shortcuts and then re-enable them, or even better, reset location services across the board. Maybe there is something that’s stuck that Shortcuts is failing to access and it needs a reset.
- iPhones make use of radio signals for location and while I think this is less likely to be a cause of this issue, I think there is still the potential for it to be, so I would suggest considering a reset of network services - it affects more than just cell provider interaction. Just note you’ll need to sign back in to any WiFi networks afterwards.
- All I can think of after that is a full on factory reset to try and root out whatever the issue is. Obviously that’s a pretty drastic one, but it is always an option.
I’ll leave it to you to mull over and decide if you wish to take any further action based on these, or any other suggestions that other forum members might propose.